Nansen Sledge
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When Fridtjof Nansen planned his traverse of the Greenland icecap in late XIX century, he rejected the complexity of a large expedition, plannig instead to deploy a party of only six men. As the result of this, most of his equipment had to be designed from scratch. One of the bits of kit he designed is the iconic Nansen sledge. The sledge is able to carry a load of up to 500kg, while coping with difficult and varied terrain: wind packed snow, ice, sastrugi or soft snow, as well as with cold temperatures. The sledge hasn't really changed since the original design much and is still used today for all field activities in both the Arctic and Antarctica.